Rust preventative compositions

ABSTRACT

This invention relates to rust preventative compositions comprising an aqueous emulsion of a compound of the general formula:   WHEREIN R&#39;&#39; is hydrogen or a lower alkyl containing one to six carbon atoms; R is either CnH2n 1, CnH2n 1 or CnH2n 3; n is an integer from 11 to 23 and x is an integer from 1 to 4.

United States Patent [191 [11] 3,787,227

Marans Jan. 22, 1974 RUST PREVENTATIVE COMPOSITIONS PrimaryExaminer-Leon D. Ros-dol I I M Assistant Examinerlrwin Gluck [75] mentor$31 n arans fiver Spnng Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Richard P. Plunkett;

Kenneth E. Prince [73] Assign'eez' W, R. Grace & C0., New York,

57 ABSTRACT [22] Flled: June 1972 This invention relates to rustpreventative composi- [21] Appl. No.: 267,721 tions comprising anaqueous emulsion of a compound of the general formula:

[52] US. Cl.... 117/75, 106/14, 117/49,

252/392, 252/394, 252/403, 252/405 511 int. Cl. C23f 11/14, C23d 3/00 Rc N cH, 0 oH 58 Field of Search 252/392, 394, 403, 405; A

l17/49, 75; 148/614, 6.15; 106/14 "Wm-W [56] References Cited wherein Ris hydrogen or a lower alkyl containing one to six carbon atoms; R iseither C H C,,H UNITED STATES PATENTS or C l-l n IS an Integer from 11to 23 and x is an 2,790,779 4/1957 Spivack 252/392 integer from 1 to 43,655,604 4/1972 Strolle ll7/49 4 Claims, No Drawings RUST PREVENTATIVECOMPOSITIONS This invention relates to rust preventative compositions.More particularly this invention relates to employing certain rustpreventative compositions as an aqueous emulsion.

The rust preventative compounds per se of the instant invention set outbelow are known in the art. See U. S. Pat. No. 2,790,779. However, in U.S. Pat. No. 2,790,779 said compounds are used in combination with anoleaginous vehicle, Le. a lubricating oil or grease. Such a combinationoffers serious drawbacks as compared to the instant aqueous emulsion.For example an oleaginous vehicle such as oil is an expensive solvent ascompared to the water base employed herein. Furthermore one applying theinstant rust preventative compositions in combination with an oleaginousvehicle must either reclaim the oil or burn or dispose of it in anon-economical manner to prevent pollution. The aqueous emulsion of therust preventative composition taught herein can simply be discarded as abiodegradeable aqueous emulsion or continuously brought back to fullstrength merely by addition of more of the rust preventativecomposition. Additionally if the rust preventative is to be applied tometal used in cans for the food industry, the aqueous emulsion ispreferred since the oleaginous vehicle must be carefully purified toobtain FDA approval. Several of these rust preventative compositions perse e.g., N-oleoylsarcosine and N- cocoylsarcosine have already receivedFDA approval and in a water medium would also be approved. Furthermorein the canning industry, metals treated with an oleaginous vehicle areimpossible to lacquer without first degreasing the metal with varioussolvents. Such solvent removal of the oleaginous vehicle would requirepollution controls which are not necessary in the instant invention.

Current technology in metal can production appears to be moving from athree piece can to a two piece can. Additionally whether or not it is atwo piece or a three piece can, can producers are striving to employ thethinnest and cheapest metal operable, especially in the formation of atwo piece can. Aside from aluminum which does not to any appreciableextent have a rust problem, the ferrous metals are turned to mostfrequently because of their economy. One of the most economical of theferrous metals employed in the canning industry is that known as blackplate, a carbon steel extremely rust prone.

One object of the instant invention is to prepare a surface coating thatwill prevent corrosion. Another object of the instant invention is toprepare a surface coating that will aid lubrication when the metal iscold rolled. A further object of the instant invention is to prepare asurface coating which can be either readily removed prior to lacqueringor be employed as a tie coat aid between the metal and the lacquer.These objects and others which will become apparent from a readinghereinafter are obtained by applying to the ferrous metal surface anaqueous emulsion of a compound of the general formula:

wherein R is hydrogen or a lower alkyl containing one to six carbonatoms; R is either C,.H,, C,,l-l or C,,H n is an integer from 11 to 23and x is an integer from 1 to 4.

The inclusion of the rust preventative composition of the instantinvention prior to a can lacquering step precludes the necessity foradding solvents, e.g. acetone that are known to aid in the adhesion ofthe lacquer to the metal.

The aqueous emulsions of the rust preventative compositions of theinstant invention can be applied in the rolling mill as a substitute forthe lubricants presently used to aid in rolling. Presently usedlubricants, while materially aiding rolling, leave a messy coating onthe thin rolled metal which ordinarily requires a degreasing operationbefore can fabrication. The advantage of the instant composition is thatit not only acts as a lubricant during rolling but also acts as a rustpreventative thereafter. If the aqueous emulsion of the rustpreventative composition is applied at the canning factory to the rolledsteel, it also not only acts as a lubricant during the punching orextruding step of the two piece can but also'as a rust preventative anda tie coat between the lacquer and the metal surface.

Aqueous emulsions of these compounds form an adherent layer to the metalwhich is not fully removed even under water or organic solvent washes.

Examples of these rust preventative compositions include but are notlimited to N-oleoyliminodiacetic acid, N-oleoylsarcosine,N-cocoylsarcosine, N- lauroyliminodiacetic acid, N-lauroylsarcosine, N-tetracosanoyliminodiacetic acid, N-tetracosanoylsarcosine,N-palmitoyliminodiacetic acid, N-palmitoylsarcosine,N-dodecylenoyliminodiacetic acid, N- dodecylenoylsarcosine,N-docosenoyliminodiacetic acid, N-docosenoylsarcosine, N-tetracosenoyliminodiacetic acid, N-tetracosenoylsarcosine,N-dodecynoyliminodiacetic acid, N- dodecynoylsarcosine,N-octadecynoyliminodiacetic acid, N-octadecynoylsarcosine, N-docosynoyliminodiacetic acid, N-docosynoylsarcosine,

N-tetracosynoyliminodiacetic acid and N-tetracosynoylsarcosine. Aqueousemulsions of these compositions are effective rust preventatives forcorrosion prone steels using exposure times of 10 seconds or less.Furthermore aqueous emulsions of these materials continue to function asrust inhibitors even after acetone, propyl acetate or trichloroethyleneimmersion of the black plate and not only permit but also aid insubsequent lacquering of the metal.

The rust preventative compositions of the instant invention are employedas an aqueous emulsion. The amount of rust preventative compound in theaqueous emulsion ranges from 0.1 to 5 percent by weight, preferably 0.5to 2.0 percent by weight.

The aqueous emulsions are made up in conventional commercially availableequipment. That is, any high speed stirred reactor or homogenizer couldbe employed to form the emulsion. In forming the emulsion the rustpreventative compound can be added prior to, subsequent to, orconcurrent with the water.

The following examples are set out to explain but in no way limit theinstant invention. Unless otherwise noted all parts and percentages areby weight.

lowed by EXAMBLHL PREPARATION.OF RUST PREVENTATIVE EMULSION COMPOSITIONSous emulsion will hereinafter be referred to as aqueous emulsion A'.

The above procedure was repeated except that grams of N-oleoylsarcosinewas substituted for the 5 grams of N-oleoyliminodiacetic acid. Thisaqueous emulsion will hereinafter be referred to as aqueous emulsion B.

A third aqueous emulsion was made up as the other two emulsions inExample 1 herein except that 5 grams had not been treated with aqueousemulsion A showed rusting at 6 Q21? 8 529 Whit Wat wastr n the shimsteel.

EXAMPLE 3 Example 2 was repeated except that a 4 X1 X6 mil black platewas employed and the dip time in aqueous after which time the emulsionwas formed. This aqueemulsion A was ten seconds, N rusting was noted ftthe water drops evaporated from the black plate.

In a control run using the same black plate steel which had not beendipped in aqueous emulsion A, rusting was noted in nine out of ninespots.

The black plate steel treated with aqueous emulsion A was then lacqueredby spraying the vertical sample with a commercially available lacquer.The sample was heated in an oven at 160C for 10 minutes. The evaluationof the adhesion of the lacquer was by the standard of N-cocoylsarcosinewas substituted for the 5 grams of test h i a fil m k in an X pattern ismade in the N-oleoyliminodiacetic acid. This aqueous emulsion willhereinafter be referred to as aqueous emulsion C.

EXAMLE 2 A 4 X1 X10 mil thick sample of shim steel was degreased bydipping the sample for two consecutive 20 minute dips in cyclohexanefollowed by two consecu-' beert degreased in cyclohexane and acetone butlacquer, two strips of Scotch brand glass cloth electrical tape number27 are placed on top of the file mark X pattem and the lower strip ispulled off. On removal of the tape, the lacquer adhesion was rated goodto excellent.

The following examples in Table I show the effectiveness of theemulsions of the instant invention to prevent rusting and also aid inlacquering. The emulsions referred to as A, B and C are those set outand prepared Some of the samples after being treated with the rustpreventative emulsions were thereafter treated with a solvent which isknown to aid adhesiveness in the lacquering step. As can be seen fromthe results it has been found that the use of the aqueous emulsions ofthe instant invention preclude the necessity for using solvents that areknown to aid the adhesion of the lacquer to the material.

TABLE I TIME AND CONDITIONS STUDY ON BLACK PLATE TREATED AND LACQUEREDSolvent Treatment Example Degreased with 1% Rust Time of Dip, Drain orSolvent Time (sec) Rusting, No. Lacquer No. Acetone and Preventativeseconds Water Wash of spots Adhesion Qy mane Emvlmn 4 Yes 5 Drain NoneNone 5 Yes A 5 I Washed None None 6 Yes A I 20 7 Drain None None 7 Yes A20 Washed None None 8 Yes A Drain None None 9 Yes A 40 Washed None Nonel0 Yes None Drain None 9 of 9 I I Yes None Washed None 12 of l2 12 Yes A10 a Drain None None Good to excellent 13 Yes A 10 Drain Acetone 10 NoneGood to excellent 14 Yes A 10 Drain Trichloroethylene None Excellent 15Yes B 10 Drain None m None Good to excellent 16 Yes I B l0 Washed NoneNone Good TIME AND CONDlTlONS STUDY ON BLACK PLATE TREATED AND LACQUEREDSolvent Treatment Example Degreased with 1% Rust. Time of Dip, Drain orSolvent Time (sec) Rustingf No. Lacquer No. Acetone and Preventativeseconds Water Wash" of spots A dl1fl (lymignef Emulsion 17 Yes B IOWashed Acetone 10 None Excellent [8 Yes A Drain Acetone I0 NoneExcellent I9 Yes A l0 Drain Acetone 10 None Excellent Yes A 10 DrainAcetone 10 None Good to Excellent 2] Yes A I 1() Drain Acetone 10 NoneGood to Excellent 22 Yes A l0 Washed Acetone 10 None Good 23 Yes A l0Washed Acetone l0 Trace Excellent 24 Yes A It) Washed Acetone [0 TraceExcellent 25 Yes A 10 Washed Acetone H) None Excellent 26 Yes A It)Druin Acetone IO None 27 Yes A Washed Acetone 10 None 28 Yes E 10 DrainAcetone 10 None 29 Yes A 10 Drain None None 30 Yes None None 9 of 9 3|No None None 5 of 9 32 Yes C l0 Drain None None Consecutive two 20minute dips in cyclohexane and then two 20 minute dips in acetone. Thedrained samples were allowed to stand vertically to dry: the waterwashed samples were washed under the faucet and then allowed to dry.

C Water was added from an eye dropper to the dry metal plate.

' Lacquer adhesion was measured by spraying the vertical sample with acg m mercially available can lacquer and then the sample heated in anoven at 160C for [0 minutes. Evaluation of adhesion was by the standardfile mark in an x pattern, placing two strips of Scotch glass clothelectrical tape No. 27 on top and pulling the lower strip.

What is claimed is:

l. The process of lacquering a canned body which comprises passing adegreased black plate through a bath of a rust preventative compositionconsisting essentially of an aqueous emulsion containing 0.1 to 5percent by weight of a compound of the general formula: W

wherein R' is hydrogen or a lower alkyl containing one to six carbonatoms; R is either Cal-12 m C,.H or C

2. The process according to claim 1 wherein the compound isN-oleoyliminodiacetic acid.
 3. The process according to claim 1 whereinthee compound is N-oleoylsarcosine.
 4. The process according to claim 1wherein the compound is N-cocoylsarcosine.